{"id":633,"date":"2020-09-12T15:27:50","date_gmt":"2020-09-12T15:27:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.agrolex.cz\/?page_id=633"},"modified":"2020-09-12T15:27:50","modified_gmt":"2020-09-12T15:27:50","slug":"potreba-makroprvku-v-krmne-davce","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.agrolex.cz\/?page_id=633","title":{"rendered":"Pot\u0159eba makroprvk\u016f v krmn\u00e9 d\u00e1vce"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

MVDr. Franti\u0161ek Horn\u00edk<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00c1PN\u00cdK<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm prvkem v krmn\u00e9 d\u00e1vce je v\u00e1pn\u00edk. Nejv\u00edce v\u00e1pn\u00edku, t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 90%, se v organismu kon\u011b nach\u00e1z\u00ed v kostech a zubech. Krom\u011b stavebn\u00edho \u00fa\u010delu m\u00e1 v\u00e1pn\u00edk spoustu dal\u0161\u00edch \u00fakol\u016f v metabolismu kon\u011b. Udr\u017euje rovnov\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed v krvi. \u00da\u010dastn\u00ed se nervosvalov\u00e9 dr\u00e1\u017edivosti. Je nezbytn\u00fd pro spr\u00e1vnou sr\u00e1\u017elivost krve a udr\u017euje spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 fungov\u00e1n\u00ed ledvin a srdce. \u00dalo\u017ei\u0161t\u011bm a z\u00e1sob\u00e1rnou v\u00e1pn\u00edku jsou kosti. Pokud by do\u0161lo k situaci, \u017ee k\u016f\u0148 trp\u00ed nedostatkem v\u00e1pn\u00edku v krmivu, nejprve ho bude \u010derpat z kost\u00ed a p\u0159i \u00fapln\u00e9m nedostatku doch\u00e1z\u00ed k po\u0161kozov\u00e1n\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch t\u011blesn\u00fdch funkc\u00ed. Velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd je vz\u00e1jemn\u00fd pom\u011br v\u00e1pn\u00edku, ho\u0159\u010d\u00edku a fosforu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

FOSFOR<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Stejn\u011b jako v\u00e1pn\u00edk, tak\u00e9 fosfor je nejv\u00edce obsa\u017een v kostech a tvo\u0159\u00ed kostru kon\u011b. Je nezbytnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed energetick\u00fdch molekul a \u00fa\u010dastn\u00ed se l\u00e1tkov\u00e9 p\u0159em\u011bny b\u00edlkovin, cukr\u016f i tuk\u016f. Zdroje fosforu v krmn\u00e9 d\u00e1vce mohou b\u00fdt z jadrn\u00fdch krmiv, z miner\u00e1li\u00ed dod\u00e1van\u00fdch do krmn\u00e9 d\u00e1vky, zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 krmivo v tomto ohledu jsou otruby, kter\u00e9 obsahuj\u00ed 4x v\u00edce fosforu ne\u017e v\u00e1pn\u00edku. N\u00edzk\u00fd p\u0159\u00edjem fosforu v krmivu kon\u011b m\u00e1 za n\u00e1sledek sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed dostupnosti energetick\u00fdch molekul, n\u00edzkou v\u00fdkonnost a zhor\u0161en\u00ed metabolismu b\u00edlkovin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

HO\u0158\u010c\u00cdK<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tento makroprvek se u kon\u011b vyskytuje zhruba v 60% v kost\u0159e a 30% je ulo\u017eeno ve svalech. Typick\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edkladem jeho role je odbour\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed kyseliny ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e9. Ho\u0159\u010d\u00edk se pod\u00edl\u00ed na tvorb\u011b tuk\u016f, b\u00edlkovin, nukleov\u00fdch kyselin a je pot\u0159ebn\u00fd pro spr\u00e1vnou funkci nervosvalov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

DRASL\u00cdK<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Je hlavn\u00edm kladn\u00fdm iontem obsa\u017een\u00fdm uvnit\u0159 bun\u011bk a jeho \u00fakolem je zejm\u00e9na udr\u017eovat rovnov\u00e1hu vnit\u0159n\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed organismu, tzv. osmotick\u00fd tlak krve. M\u00e1 vliv na nervosvalovou dr\u00e1\u017edivost a ovliv\u0148uje i srde\u010dn\u00ed \u010dinnost. Jeho spot\u0159eba roste zejm\u00e9na p\u0159i pracovn\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ei kon\u011b a teplotou vnit\u0159n\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SOD\u00cdK<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Je nezastupiteln\u00fdm iontem pro spr\u00e1vnou funkci centr\u00e1ln\u00ed nervov\u00e9 soustavy. Umo\u017e\u0148uje transport \u017eivin a dal\u0161\u00edch l\u00e1tek do bun\u011bk. Obdobn\u011b jako drasl\u00edk, tak\u00e9 sod\u00edk udr\u017euje rovnov\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed v organismu. K velk\u00e9mu \u00fabytku tohoto iontu doch\u00e1z\u00ed nej\u010dast\u011bji pocen\u00edm, p\u0159i vysok\u00e9 okoln\u00ed teplot\u011b a p\u0159i z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ei. Jeden litr potu, co\u017e k\u016f\u0148 vyd\u00e1 p\u0159i b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 pr\u00e1ci, obsahuje asi 3,5 g sod\u00edk\u016f. P\u0159i st\u0159edn\u00ed pr\u00e1ci vypot\u00ed k\u016f\u0148 3 litry, p\u0159i t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 5 litr\u016f a p\u0159i velmi t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 a\u017e 10 litr\u016f potu. Z tohoto d\u016fvodu je zejm\u00e9na u kon\u00ed v z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ei pot\u0159eba doplnit ionty z cel\u00e9 \u0159ady elektrolyt\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

CHL\u00d3R<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Je ve stejn\u00e9 form\u011b se sod\u00edkem. Nedostate\u010dnost chloridov\u00e9ho iontu vede ke ztr\u00e1t\u011b hmotnosti, svalov\u00e9 \u00fanav\u011b a sn\u00ed\u017een\u00e9 chuti p\u0159ij\u00edmat krmivo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u00cdRA <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vyskytuje se v organismu kon\u011b v aminokyselin\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 jsou hlavn\u00ed slo\u017ekou enzym\u016f a aminokyselin v t\u011ble kon\u011b.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

MVDr. Franti\u0161ek Horn\u00edk V\u00c1PN\u00cdK Velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm prvkem v krmn\u00e9 d\u00e1vce je v\u00e1pn\u00edk. Nejv\u00edce v\u00e1pn\u00edku, t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 90%, se v organismu kon\u011b nach\u00e1z\u00ed v kostech a zubech. Krom\u011b stavebn\u00edho \u00fa\u010delu m\u00e1 v\u00e1pn\u00edk spoustu dal\u0161\u00edch \u00fakol\u016f v metabolismu kon\u011b. Udr\u017euje rovnov\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed v krvi. \u00da\u010dastn\u00ed se nervosvalov\u00e9 dr\u00e1\u017edivosti. Je nezbytn\u00fd pro spr\u00e1vnou sr\u00e1\u017elivost krve a udr\u017euje spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 fungov\u00e1n\u00ed ledvin a srdce. \u00dalo\u017ei\u0161t\u011bm a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.agrolex.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/633"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.agrolex.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.agrolex.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.agrolex.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.agrolex.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=633"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.agrolex.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/633\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":636,"href":"https:\/\/www.agrolex.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/633\/revisions\/636"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.agrolex.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=633"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}